Difference between Covalent Bond and Hydrogen Bond – Comparison Table

Covalent vs Hydrogen Bond

Difference between Covalent and Hydrogen Bond: The chemical bonds are stable attractions between atoms, ions or molecules. The formation of chemical bonds allows the formation of molecules or compounds. Chemical bonds are classified into different categories based on their formation and strength. They are categorized as Covalent bonds, Ionic bonds, Metallic bonds, Dipole-dipole interactions, London dispersion forces and Hydrogen bonds.

Learn more: Formation of Hydrogen Bond in Water

The present post discusses about the Differences between the Covalent bond and Hydrogen bond with a Comparison Table.
Covalent bond is a primary chemical bond formed by the sharing of electron pairs. Covalent bonds are strong bonds with greater bond energy.

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Hydrogen bond is a weak electrostatic attraction between the hydrogen and an electronegative atom due to their difference in electronegativity. Individual hydrogen bonds are weak bonds however, their presence in large number provide them considerable strength.

Learn more: Covalent Bond vs Ionic Bond

Learn more: Covalent Bond vs Metallic Bond

Difference between Covalent and Hydrogen Bond

Sl. No.Covalent BondHydrogen Bond
1Covalent bond is formed by the mutual sharing of electrons between atomsHydrogen bond is formed by the electrostatic attraction between hydrogen and an electronegative atom such as O, N and F
Structure of covalent bond in waterHow hydrogen bond is formed
2Example: Bond between hydrogen and oxygen in the water molecule (H – O – H)Example: Interaction between water molecules in liquid water and ice, the interaction between the two strands of DNA
3The covalent bond is a strong bondHydrogen bond is a weak bond
4The bond energy of covalent bond is between 100 to 1100 kJ/molBond energy of hydrogen bond is between 5 to 50 kJ/mol
5Covalent bond is a primary bondHydrogen bond is a secondary bond
6Covalent bond changes the chemical properties of the bonding constituentsHydrogen bond changes the physical properties of bonding constituents
7Covalent bonds can be formed between any atoms with suitable electron valencyHydrogen bonds can occur only between hydrogen and an electronegative atom
8Covalent bond formation ensures to fulfill the valency of the outer orbitals in an atomHydrogen bond formation will not fulfill the valency of atomic orbitals
9Covalent bonds can occur between polar and non-polar atoms or moleculesHydrogen bonds can occur only in polar molecules
10Covalency will be greatest if the bonded atoms have similar electronegativityStrength of hydrogen bond increases with increase in the electronegativity difference between hydrogen and the bonded atom
11Covenant bonds will always be intra-molecular bondsHydrogen bonds will always be inter-molecular (never intra-molecular)



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@. Difference between Covalent Bond and Ionic Bond

@. Difference between Covalent Bond and Metallic Bond

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