Lyophilic Sols vs Lyophobic Sols
Sols are colloidal systems in which a solid is dispersed in a liquid. There are two types of sols – (1) Lyophobic Sols and (2). Lyophilic Sols
(1). Lyophilic sols:
They are solvent loving sols. In lyophilic sols, the dispersed phase shows a positive affinity for the dispersion medium (solvent). The high affinity of dispersed particles with the dispersed medium is due to the formation of a large number of hydrogen bonds.
(2). Lyophobic sols:
They are solvent hating sols. In lyophobic sols, the dispersed phase does not have any attraction for the dispersion medium.
The present post discusses the Differences between Lyophilic and Lyophobic Sols with a Comparison Table.
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Difference between Lyophilic and Lyophobic Colloids
Sl. No. Lyophilic Sol Lyophobic Sol 1 Example: Starch or protein dissolved in water. Example: Ferric hydroxide or Aluminium hydroxide dissolved in water. 2 Preparation of lyophilic sols is much easier by mixing the particle in the dispersion medium. The preparation of lyophobic sols is not direct, special methods are required. 3 Particles of lyophilic sols are not detectable under an ultramicroscope. Particles in the lyophobic sols are detectable under an ultramicroscope. 4 The viscosity of the lyophilic sol is much higher than that of the dispersion medium. Viscosity of the lyophobic sol slightly differs from that of the dispersion medium. 5 The surface tension of lyophilic sol is too weak than that of the dispersion medium. Surface tension is similar to that of the dispersion medium. 6 Lyophilic sols are much hydrated Lyophobic sols are less hydrated 7 Lyophilic sols are reversible Lyophobic sols are irreversible. 8 Lyophilic sols are much stable than lyophobic sols. Lyophobic sols are comparatively less stable. 9 In lyophilic sols, the addition of small amount of electrolytes will not precipitate the dispersed particles. However, adding a large amount of electrolytes can do so. In lyophobic sols, the dispersed particles can be precipitated by the addition of small amount of electrolytes. 10 The charge of the colloidal particles in lyophilic sol depends on the pH of the medium. All particles in a lyophobic sol have the same charge. 11 Particles in the lyophilic sol absorb H+ and OH- ions from the medium. Particles in a lyophobic sol absorb ions from the medium. 12 Particles in a lyophilic sol may or may not migrate towards the electrode. The migration is dependent on the pH of the medium. The migration of particles in a lyophobic sol under the electric field depending upon the charge they bear. 13 Lyophilic sols show high Colligative properties. The Colligative properties of lyophobic sols are significantly small. 14 Lyophilic sols have weak Tyndall effects. Lyophobic sols have strong Tyndall effects. 15 The physical properties of a lyophilic sol do not follow the ‘law of mixtures’. The physical properties of a lyophobic sol follow ‘law of mixture’.
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