A restriction enzyme, or restriction endonuclease, is a protein produced by bacteria that cuts DNA at specific sequences, known as recognition sites. These enzymes serve as a defense mechanism against invading viruses by chopping up foreign DNA. In biotechnology, restriction enzymes are used for genetic engineering, as they allow precise […]
Restriction endonucleases, or restriction enzymes, are proteins that cut DNA at specific recognition sequences, usually palindromic. Found naturally in bacteria, they serve as a defense mechanism by cleaving foreign DNA, such as that of viruses. Each enzyme recognizes a particular sequence of nucleotides and cuts at or near this site, […]
Chromatography is a laboratory technique used to separate, identify, and analyze components in a mixture. It involves a stationary phase and a mobile phase. As the mixture moves through the stationary phase, different components travel at different rates, leading to separation. Types include gas, liquid, paper, and thin-layer chromatography, each […]
Column chromatography is a technique used to separate and purify individual compounds from a mixture. It involves a column filled with a stationary phase (usually silica gel or alumina) through which the mixture is passed along with a mobile phase (a solvent or solvent mixture). As the mixture moves through […]
Gas Chromatography (GC) is a powerful analytical technique used to separate, identify, and quantify volatile compounds in a mixture. In GC, the sample is vaporized and carried by an inert gas (the mobile phase) through a column packed with a stationary phase. As the sample travels through the column, its […]