Difference between Bryophytes and Pteridophytes

Bryophytes vs Pteridophytes

Bryophytes are most primitive land plants predominantly grow in moist and shaded places. Bryophytes are known as the Amphibians of Plant Kingdom since water is essential for the completion of their life cycle. The Bryophytes includes three groups of plants such as Liverworts, Hornworts and Mosses. The present post discusses the Similarities and Difference between Bryophytes and Pteridophytes with a comparison table.

Learn more: Bryophytes General Characteristics

Pteridophytes are better known as the ‘Vascular Cryptogams’ because they possess vascular tissue for the conduction of water and food material. They occupy an intermediate position between Bryophytes and Phanerogams (seed plants). Bryophytes and Pteridophytes are evolutionarily related and they show many similarities.

Learn more: Pteridophytes Characteristics

Similarities between Bryophytes and Pteridophytes

Ø  Both Bryophytes and Pteridophytes are land plants.

Ø  Both possess distinct Gametophytic and Sporophytic generations.

Ø  Both groups show heteromorphic alternation of generation.

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Ø  Rhizoids are present in Bryophytes and Pteridophytes.

Ø  Stomata or pores are present in both groups for gaseous exchange.

Difference between Bryophytes and Pteridophytes

Ø  Bryophytes and Pteridophytes reproduce asexually by spores produced in the sporangium.

Ø  Spores are haploid and formed by the meiotic division of the spore mother cells.

Ø  The sporangia are multicellular in both the groups.

Ø  Mitospores are totally absent in both Bryophytes and Pteridophytes

Ø  Sexual reproduction is oogamous type in both groups.

Ø  Bryophytes and Pteridophytes possess multicellular sex organs.

Ø  Sex organs were covered with sterile jacket cells in both the groups.

Ø  The structure of Antheridium and Archegonium is fundamentally similar in both groups.

Ø  Water is essential for the fertilization in both Bryophytes and Pteridophytes.

Ø  In both groups, the Antherozoids (male gametes) are flagellated.

Ø  Antherozoids are with two terminal flagella in Bryophytes and Pteridophytes.

Ø  Archegonia in both groups possess neck and venter with neck-canal and venter-canal cells.

Ø  In both groups, the zygote is retained in the archegonium after the fertilization.

Ø  Fertilization and embryo development is similar in both Bryophytes and Pteridophytes.

Examples of Pteridophytes

Difference between Bryophytes and Pteridophytes

Sl. No.BryophytesPteridophytes
1Examples of Bryophytes: Riccia, Marchantia, Funaria, Polytrichum, SphagnumExamples of Pteridophytes: Psilotum, Lycopodium, Selaginella, Pteris, Angiopteris, Adiantum
2Prominent phase in the life cycle of Bryophyte is Haploid GametophyteProminent phase in the life cycle of Pteridophyte is Diploid Sporophyte
3Sporophytic phase is highly reducedGametophytic phase is highly reduced
4Gametophyte and Sporophyte are physically connectedSporophytic stage and Gametophytic stage are separate and are not physically connected to each other
5Sporophytic plant is dependent on gametophytic plant for nutritionSporophytic plant is independent and can perform photosynthesis
6The plant body is usually undifferentiated. In higher groups (mosses) the plant body is differentiated into root-like, stem-like and leaf-like structuresPlant body is well differentiated into stem, root and leaves
7Vascular tissue completely absent in BryophytesVascular tissue present in present in Pteridophytes
8True roots absentRoots are present
9Leaves if present, are microphyllus (without leaf gap)Leaves may be microphyllous or macrophyllous (with leaf gap)
10Antheridium is stacked in BryophytesAntheridium is sessile in Pteridophytes
11The neck of archegonium is with 5 – 6 neck-canal cellsThe neck of archegonium is with 4 neck-canal cells

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