Bryophytes vs Pteridophytes
Bryophytes are most primitive land plants predominantly grow in moist and shaded places. Bryophytes are known as the Amphibians of Plant Kingdom since water is essential for the completion of their life cycle. The Bryophytes includes three groups of plants such as Liverworts, Hornworts and Mosses. The present post discusses the Similarities and Difference between Bryophytes and Pteridophytes with a comparison table.
Learn more: Bryophytes General Characteristics
Pteridophytes are better known as the ‘Vascular Cryptogams’ because they possess vascular tissue for the conduction of water and food material. They occupy an intermediate position between Bryophytes and Phanerogams (seed plants). Bryophytes and Pteridophytes are evolutionarily related and they show many similarities.
Learn more: Pteridophytes Characteristics
Similarities between Bryophytes and Pteridophytes
Ø Both Bryophytes and Pteridophytes are land plants.
Ø Both possess distinct Gametophytic and Sporophytic generations.
Ø Both groups show heteromorphic alternation of generation.
Ø Rhizoids are present in Bryophytes and Pteridophytes.
Ø Stomata or pores are present in both groups for gaseous exchange.
Ø Bryophytes and Pteridophytes reproduce asexually by spores produced in the sporangium.
Ø Spores are haploid and formed by the meiotic division of the spore mother cells.
Ø The sporangia are multicellular in both the groups.
Ø Mitospores are totally absent in both Bryophytes and Pteridophytes
Ø Sexual reproduction is oogamous type in both groups.
Ø Bryophytes and Pteridophytes possess multicellular sex organs.
Ø Sex organs were covered with sterile jacket cells in both the groups.
Ø The structure of Antheridium and Archegonium is fundamentally similar in both groups.
Ø Water is essential for the fertilization in both Bryophytes and Pteridophytes.
Ø In both groups, the Antherozoids (male gametes) are flagellated.
Ø Antherozoids are with two terminal flagella in Bryophytes and Pteridophytes.
Ø Archegonia in both groups possess neck and venter with neck-canal and venter-canal cells.
Ø In both groups, the zygote is retained in the archegonium after the fertilization.
Ø Fertilization and embryo development is similar in both Bryophytes and Pteridophytes.
Difference between Bryophytes and Pteridophytes
Sl. No. Bryophytes Pteridophytes 1 Examples of Bryophytes: Riccia, Marchantia, Funaria, Polytrichum, Sphagnum Examples of Pteridophytes: Psilotum, Lycopodium, Selaginella, Pteris, Angiopteris, Adiantum 2 Prominent phase in the life cycle of Bryophyte is Haploid Gametophyte Prominent phase in the life cycle of Pteridophyte is Diploid Sporophyte 3 Sporophytic phase is highly reduced Gametophytic phase is highly reduced 4 Gametophyte and Sporophyte are physically connected Sporophytic stage and Gametophytic stage are separate and are not physically connected to each other 5 Sporophytic plant is dependent on gametophytic plant for nutrition Sporophytic plant is independent and can perform photosynthesis 6 The plant body is usually undifferentiated. In higher groups (mosses) the plant body is differentiated into root-like, stem-like and leaf-like structures Plant body is well differentiated into stem, root and leaves 7 Vascular tissue completely absent in Bryophytes Vascular tissue present in present in Pteridophytes 8 True roots absent Roots are present 9 Leaves if present, are microphyllus (without leaf gap) Leaves may be microphyllous or macrophyllous (with leaf gap) 10 Antheridium is stacked in Bryophytes Antheridium is sessile in Pteridophytes 11 The neck of archegonium is with 5 – 6 neck-canal cells The neck of archegonium is with 4 neck-canal cells
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