The HIV life cycle begins with attachment to CD4 receptors on host cells, followed by fusion of the viral envelope with the cell membrane. The viral RNA is released and reverse-transcribed into DNA by reverse transcriptase. The viral DNA is transported to the nucleus and integrated into the host genome […]
Koch’s postulates are four criteria developed by Robert Koch to establish a causal relationship between a microorganism and a disease. They include isolating the microbe, infecting a healthy host, observing the same symptoms, and re-isolating the microbe for confirmation. With this MCQ on Koch Postulates you can understand What is […]
Retroviruses are a type of RNA virus that can reverse transcribe their RNA genome into DNA using the enzyme reverse transcriptase. This DNA is integrated into the host cell’s genome, potentially causing long-lasting infections. HIV is a well-known example of a retrovirus. This is an MCQ on Retrovirus – Example […]
HIV (Human Immunodeficiency Virus) is a retrovirus that attacks the immune system, specifically CD4 cells (T cells), weakening the body’s ability to fight infections and diseases. If left untreated, it can progress to AIDS (Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome), a severe, often fatal condition. This is an MCQ on HIV Virus Structure […]
COVID-19 is an infectious disease caused by the novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2. It primarily spreads through respiratory droplets, leading to symptoms ranging from mild respiratory issues to severe pneumoniThe pandemic, first identified in late 2019, has had a global impact on public health and daily life. This is an MCQ on […]