Illumina sequencing, a widely used method, employs fluorescently labeled nucleotides and reversible termination to sequence DNA fragments. Through iterative cycles of nucleotide incorporation and imaging, it accurately determines the sequence, offering high throughput, speed, and cost-effectiveness, revolutionizing genomic research and applications. This is an MCQ on Illumina Sequencing Technique of […]
Chargaff’s rule states that in DNA, the amount of adenine (A) equals thymine (T), and the amount of cytosine (C) equals guanine (G). This principle underlies the complementary base pairing in DNA double helix, crucial for genetic stability and replication. This post on Chargaff Rule Questions will help you to […]
Post-translational modifications occur after protein synthesis. They include phosphorylation, glycosylation, and acetylation, altering protein structure and function. These modifications regulate protein activity, localization, and stability, crucial for cellular signaling, metabolism, and gene expression regulation in living organisms. This is an MCQ on Post Translational Modification in Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes. Molecular […]
Post-transcriptional modification refers to alterations made to mRNA molecules after transcription but before translation in eukaryotic cells. These modifications include 5′ capping, 3′ polyadenylation, and splicing, which enhance stability, regulate translation, and increase mRNA diversity, essential for proper gene expression. This is an MCQ on Post Transcriptional Modification with answer […]
DNA replication in eukaryotes involves initiation at multiple origins, proceeding bidirectionally from replication forks. Enzymes like DNA polymerases synthesize new strands, while helicases unwind the double helix. This process ensures accurate duplication of chromosomes during cell division, vital for genetic stability and inheritance. This is an MCQ on DNA Replication […]
DNA replication is the process by which a cell duplicates its DNA before cell division. It involves unwinding the double helix, complementary base pairing, and enzyme-mediated synthesis of new strands, ensuring genetic continuity and transmission of genetic information to daughter cells. This is an MCQ on DNA Replication in Prokaryotes […]
Translation is the process by which cellular machinery converts the genetic information carried by mRNA into proteins. It occurs in the ribosomes and involves decoding the nucleotide sequence of mRNA into the corresponding sequence of amino acids, crucial for protein synthesis. This is an MCQ on Translation (Protein Synthesis) in […]
In eukaryotes, translation occurs in the cytoplasm following transcription. The mRNA, after processing, binds to ribosomes, where it is decoded by transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules to assemble amino acids into a polypeptide chain. This process requires initiation, elongation, and termination factors for protein synthesis. This is an MCQ on Translation […]
In prokaryotes, translation begins while transcription is ongoing. The mRNA, produced by RNA polymerase, directly binds to ribosomes in the cytoplasm. Ribosomes then read the mRNA sequence and synthesize proteins by recruiting transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules that bring specific amino acids corresponding to the mRNA codons. This is an MCQ […]