Post-translational modifications are chemical changes made to proteins after translation, which affect their function, stability, and localization. These modifications include processes such as phosphorylation, glycosylation, […]
Post-transcriptional modifications are processes that modify pre-mRNA into mature mRNA after transcription in eukaryotic cells. These modifications include the addition of a 5′ cap, splicing […]
Chargaff’s rule is a key principle in molecular biology, stating that in DNA, the proportion of adenine (A) always equals that of thymine (T), and […]
DNA ligase is an essential enzyme that facilitates the joining of DNA strands by catalyzing the formation of phosphodiester bonds between adjacent nucleotides. It plays […]
DNA polymerase is an enzyme responsible for synthesizing new DNA strands during replication by adding nucleotides to a pre-existing strand using the original DNA as […]
RNA polymerase is an enzyme that synthesizes RNA from a DNA template during transcription. It binds to specific regions of the DNA called promoters and […]
Genetics is the study of genes, heredity, and the variation of organisms. It explains how traits and characteristics are passed from parents to offspring through […]
Evolution MCQ with Answers: Evolution is the process by which species of organisms change over time through variations in their genetic traits. These changes occur […]
Brassinosteroids are a class of plant hormones essential for growth and development. They regulate processes like cell elongation, division, and differentiation, and help plants respond […]