Stelar Evolution in Pteridophytes What is stele? What are the components of stele? Ø Stele is the central cylinder or core of vascular tissue in higher plants. Ø The stele consists of xylem, phloem, pericycle and medullary rays and pith if present. Ø The term ‘stele’ was for the first time used by Van Tieghem […]
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Parasitic Adaptations (Platyhelminthes, Nematodes, Insects and Plants)
Parasitic Adaptations What is meant by Adaptation? Adaptation definition: ‘Any feature of an organism or its part which enables it to exist under conditions of its habitat is called adaptation.’ The adaptations are mainly to withstand the adverse conditions of the environment and to use the maximum benefit of the environment. What are Parasites? A parasite is an organism which lives […]
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Receptacular vs Appendicular Theory of Inferior Ovary Development in Flowers
Based on the position of ovary there are three types of flowers- (1) Hypogynous, (2) Perigynous, and (3) Epigynous. (1). Hypogynous Flower: The most primitive type with convex shaped Thalamus (torus). The ovary is superior and all other floral parts (calyx, corolla and androecium) arise from the base of the ovary. (2). Perigynous Flower: An […]
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Advantages and Disadvantages of Animal Cell Culture (Notes)
Advantages and Disadvantages of Cell Culture: Tissue culture is an aseptic in vitro culture of animal or plant cells in a precisely controlled environmental condition. The term “Tissue Culture” was for the first time coined by Thomas Burrows. Even though the in vitro culture of prokaryotes and both plant and animal cells are possible now, […]
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Applications of Restriction Endonucleases in Biotechnology (Short Notes)
Restriction Endonucleases Restriction endonucleases (also called as molecular scissors) are a class of nuclease enzymes which cut the DNA strand at precise locations. They are specific endonuclease enzymes in the cells which first recognize the specific sequence (called restriction sites) within the DNA strand and cleave the phosphodiester backbone of the DNA at specific sites. […]
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